Morality as Sentiment

Virtue and vice are distinguished not by reason but by the pleasure or pain they produce in the observer, making moral judgments a matter of feeling.

Hume suggests that philosophy, if just, presents only mild and moderate sentiments, contrasting this with the dangerous errors of religion, which can disturb the conduct of life.

Hume argues that vice and virtue are distinguished by the pleasure or pain they produce, aligning with the view that moral distinctions are based on sentiment.

Virtue and vice are cited as causes of love and hatred, indicating that moral judgments are tied to emotional responses.

Hume argues that moral responsibility depends on the connection between actions and character, which is only possible under necessity.