Sacrifice and Service

The selfless dedication of the nuns and Walter's work during the cholera epidemic highlight the theme of sacrifice for others, contrasting with Kitty's earlier self-centeredness and inspiring her own transformation.

Walter's decision to go to the cholera zone is framed as a selfless act of service, though it is also tinged with a desire for personal martyrdom or punishment.

Walter's demand that Kitty accompany him to a cholera zone is framed as a test of loyalty and a form of punishment, perverting the ideal of selfless service.

Waddington describes Walter's selfless work fighting the cholera epidemic, risking his life daily despite his personal turmoil.

Waddington describes the nuns' lifelong sacrifice, leaving France forever to serve the poor and sick in Mei-tan-fu.