Class Struggle and the Rise of Oligarchy

The book depicts an irreconcilable conflict between the working class and a capitalist oligarchy, which consolidates power through corruption, violence, and co-opting labor leaders, ultimately crushing democratic institutions.

Ernest's presence as a working-class intellectual at a dinner of churchmen highlights class tensions and his critique of their ignorance about the working class.

The legal system is shown to favor the wealthy, with workers like Jackson unable to get justice against corporate power.

Avis sees the stark division between the working class and the capitalist masters, who control society through their wealth and ideology.

Ernest directly confronts the capitalist class, accusing them of mismanaging society and threatening to take their power and wealth.