II: Concerning Dangers from Foreign Force and Influence
The Continental Congress of 1774, whose wise measures were initially opposed but later vindicated.
III: The Same Subject Continued (Concerning Dangers from Foreign Force and Influence)
Referenced indirectly as the present federal government, which has not provoked Indian wars despite its weakness.
VI: Concerning Dangers from Dissensions Between the States
Referenced indirectly as the national legislature under the Articles of Confederation, whose weakness is implied.
VII: The Same Subject Continued (Concerning Dangers from Dissensions Between the States)
Mentioned as having prudently appeased territorial disputes by persuading states to cede lands to the Union.
XI: The Utility of the Union in Respect to Commercial Relations and a Navy
Implied as the body that would enact prohibitory regulations and direct national policy.
XII: The Utility of the Union in Respect to Revenue
Implied as the federal authority that would regulate commerce and collect duties.
XIV: Objections to the Proposed Constitution from Extent of Territory Answered
Mentioned as the body where representatives from distant states have been almost continually assembled for thirteen years, demonstrating the feasibility of a large republic.
XV: The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union
Described as scarcely possessing the means to keep up the forms of administration, highlighting the Confederation's failure.
XXII: The Same Subject Continued (Other Defects of the Present Confederation)
Criticized as an improper receptacle for necessary federal powers under the Confederation.
XXIII: The Necessity of a Government as Energetic as the One Proposed to the Preservation of the Union
Mentioned as having unlimited discretion under the Confederation to make requisitions, but lacking effective power.
XXIV: The Powers Necessary to the Common Defense Further Considered
The legislative body in which the power to raise armies is vested under the proposed Constitution.
XXV: The Same Subject Continued (The Powers Necessary to the Common Defense Further Considered)
Referenced as the body that must consent to states having ships or troops under the Confederation.
XXVIII: The Same Subject Continued (The Idea of Restraining the Legislative Authority in Regard to the Common Defense Considered)
Implied as the legislative body whose authority is being considered.
Federalist No. 29: Concerning the Militia
The national legislature that would regulate and call forth the militia under the proposed Constitution.
XXX: Concerning the General Power of Taxation
Mentioned as the body authorized under the Articles to requisition funds, but lacking effective power.
XXXII: The Same Subject Continued (Concerning the General Power of Taxation)
The federal legislative body granted exclusive legislation over the seat of government and power to lay taxes.
XXXIII: The Same Subject Continued (Concerning the General Power of Taxation)
The national legislature whose powers are being defended and defined.
XXXV: The Same Subject Continued (Concerning the General Power of Taxation)
Implied as the national legislature that would exercise the power of taxation under the proposed Constitution.
XXXVII: Concerning the Difficulties of the Convention in Devising a Proper Form of Government
Referenced as the body whose existing Confederation is deemed fundamentally flawed and in need of replacement.
The Same Subject Continued, and the Incoherence of the Objections to the New Plan Exposed
Mentioned as the existing single-body legislature that has already exercised dangerous powers and overleaped constitutional limits out of necessity.
XXXIX: The Conformity of the Plan to Republican Principles
Mentioned as the existing body from which the Senate's indirect appointment is modeled.
XL: On the Powers of the Convention to Form a Mixed Government Examined and Sustained
Recommended the Convention and is referenced as having assumed operative powers.
General View of the Powers Conferred by the Constitution
Referenced as the body that would exercise the powers under the new Constitution.
XLII: The Powers Conferred by the Constitution Further Considered
Mentioned as the body that has practiced appointing inferior ministers and consuls under the Articles of Confederation.
XLIII: The Same Subject Continued (The Powers Conferred by the Constitution Further Considered)
Mentioned in the context of admitting new states and the assumption of power under the Articles of Confederation.
XLIV: Restrictions on the Authority of the Several States
Discussed as the federal legislative body that would exercise the 'necessary and proper' powers and be checked by the people and states.
XLV: The Alleged Danger from the Powers of the Union to the State Governments
The existing Congress under the Articles of Confederation, which had similar powers to the proposed federal government.
XLVI: The Influence of the State and Federal Governments Compared
Mentioned as the federal council whose proceedings often reflected local rather than national interests.
XLVII: The Particular Structure of the New Government and the Distribution of Power Among Its Different Parts
Referenced as the legislative body in the context of the British Constitution and state examples.
XLVIII: These Departments Should Not Be So Far Separated as to Have No Constitutional Control Over Each Other
Mentioned as recommending actions during the war, influencing executive breaches.
Method of Guarding Against the Encroachments of Any One Department of Government by Appealing to the People Through a Convention
Referenced as the legislative department whose power tends to aggrandize at the expense of other branches.
Periodical Appeals to the People Considered
Referenced as the legislative body whose actions might be reviewed.
LII: The House of Representatives
Mentioned as the body that should not have discretion over suffrage qualifications.
LIII: The Same Subject Continued (The House of Representatives)
Referenced as the existing Congress with annual elections, contrasted with the proposed federal House.
LIV: The Apportionment of Members Among the States
Will conduct the census to determine representation and taxation.
LV: The Total Number of the House of Representatives
The Revolutionary Congress is cited as a less numerous body that successfully managed the war without betraying public trust.
LVI: The Same Subject Continued (The Total Number of the House of Representatives)
The federal legislative body whose size and knowledge of local interests are under discussion.
LVII: The Alleged Tendency of the New Plan to Elevate the Few at the Expense of the Many Considered in Connection with Representation
The federal legislative body whose House of Representatives is under scrutiny.
LVIII: Objection That the Number of Members Will Not Be Augmented as the Progress of Population Demands
The legislative body whose composition and procedures are under discussion.
LIX: Concerning the Power of Congress to Regulate the Election of Members
The national legislature empowered to alter state election regulations for its own members.
LX: The Same Subject Continued (Concerning the Power of Congress to Regulate the Election of Members)
The federal legislature whose power to regulate elections is defended.
LXII: The Senate
Referenced as the legislative body whose defects the Senate is meant to correct.
LXIII: The Senate Continued
Implied as the broader legislative body including the Senate and House.
LXIV: The Powers of the Senate
Mentioned in contrast to the Senate; Jay argues that a popular assembly is ill-suited for treaty negotiations due to lack of secrecy and continuity.
LXV: The Powers of the Senate Continued
House of Representatives initiates impeachments; Senate adjudicates.
LXVI: Objections to the Power of the Senate to Set as a Court for Impeachments Further Considered
Referenced as the legislative body, with the House of Representatives holding the sole power to initiate impeachments.
LXVII: The Executive Department
Referenced indirectly through the Senate's role in appointments.
LXVIII: The Mode of Electing the President
Mentioned as the body that receives the electoral votes and from which the House of Representatives selects the President if no majority.
The Real Character of the Executive
Referenced as the legislature that holds the power to declare war and raise armies, contrasting with the President's limited military command.
LXX: The Executive Department Further Considered
Implied as the legislative body to which the executive is contrasted.
LXXI: The Duration in Office of the Executive
Referenced as the legislative body whose humors the executive should not blindly follow.
LXXIII: The Provision for the Support of the Executive, and the Veto Power
Legislative body whose tendency to encroach on the executive is a central concern.
LXXV: The Treaty-Making Power of the Executive
Mentioned in the context of the existing Confederation, where Congress currently holds all treaty powers.
LXXVI: The Appointing Power of the Executive
Mentioned as the body that may vest appointment of inferior officers in the President, courts, or department heads.
LXXVII: The Appointing Power Continued and Other Powers of the Executive Considered
Mentioned as the body the Executive informs of the state of the Union and recommends measures to.
LXXVIII: The Judiciary Department
Legislative body whose acts may be declared void by the judiciary if contrary to the Constitution.
LXXIX: The Judiciary Continued
Legislative body that may alter judicial salaries but cannot diminish them during a judge's tenure.
LXXX: The Powers of the Judiciary
Mentioned as having authority to make exceptions and regulations regarding federal jurisdiction.
LXXXI: The Judiciary Continued, and the Distribution of the Judicial Authority
Empowered to ordain and establish inferior courts and to impeach judges.
LXXXII: The Judiciary Continued
Granted authority to ordain and establish inferior federal courts and to regulate appellate jurisdiction.
LXXXIII: The Judiciary Continued in Relation to Trial by Jury
Mentioned as the national legislature with power to prescribe modes of trial in civil cases.
LXXXIV: Certain General and Miscellaneous Objections to the Constitution Considered and Answered
Current Congress under the Confederation is contrasted with the proposed Congress.
LXXXV: Concluding Remarks
Mentioned as the body obligated to call a convention for amendments under Article V.
Endnotes
Referenced in the endnotes regarding legislative authority over standing armies and taxation.
