Virgil

III

Roman poet whose works, especially the Aeneid, are cited to illustrate the conquered state of the Trojan gods.

XXII

Quoted for the line about gods abandoning their shrines.

Whether the gods, whom the Greeks and Romans worshipped in common, were justified in permitting the destruction of Ilium

Roman poet quoted regarding Neptune's will to destroy perjured Troy.

Chapter X: The Price of Empire and the Illusion of Peace

Roman poet quoted for his lines on the decline into war and greed.

Of the statue of Apollo at Cumae, whose tears are supposed to have portended disaster to the Greeks, whom the god was unable to succour.

Augustine references Virgil's depiction of Diana mourning for Camilla and Hercules weeping for Pallas.

XIV

Quoted regarding the departure of gods and the grief of Aeneas.

Of the first Roman consuls, the one of whom drove the other from the country, and shortly after perished at Rome by the hand of a wounded enemy, and so ended a career of unnatural murders

Poet quoted by Augustine for his lines on Brutus slaying his sons, expressing horror at the deed despite praising the motive.

Book V

Roman poet quoted for his verses on Roman glory and destiny.

By What Virtues the Ancient Romans Merited That the True God, Although They Did Not Worship Him, Should Enlarge Their Empire

Roman poet quoted on Roman destiny and arts of ruling.

Chapter XIX: True Glory vs. the Desire for Domination

Referenced for the ancient use of the word 'tyrant' in the Aeneid.

IX

Poet quoted for his verse on the happiness of knowing causes.

XXVII

Quoted for his poetic account of Saturn's exile by Jove, used to illustrate the human origins of the gods.

Book IX: The Mediation of Demons and the Unique Mediation of Christ

Quoted for his description of Aeneas as unmoved by tears, illustrating Stoic ideal of controlling passions.

Chapter IV: The Opinion of the Peripatetics and Stoics About Mental Emotions

Quoted for his description of Aeneas as immovable by tears, exemplifying the wise man's control.

Of the power delegated to demons for the trial and glorification of the saints, who conquer not by propitiating the spirits of the air, but by abiding in God.

Quoted for his portrayal of Juno and the advice given to Aeneas to propitiate her, representing pagan religious error.

XXVII

Quoted for his poetic reference to the Cumaean sibyl's prophecy about Christ.

Porphyry's Emendations of Platonism on the Soul's Return

His poetic description of souls returning to bodies from Lethe is cited as an example of the Platonic cycle.

XIX

Mentioned as borrowing from Plato's system regarding the return of souls to bodies.

III

Cited for his poetic expression of the Platonic view that the body is the source of emotions and vices.

V

Quoted for Aeneas's lines expressing surprise that souls would return to bodies.

Of the long life and greater stature of the antediluvians

Quoted as a poet who affirmed the greater stature of ancient men.

Of the fall of the kingdom of Argos, when Picus the son of Saturn first received his father’s kingdom of Laurentum

Mentioned for his poetic account of Saturn's reign in Italy.

XII

Quoted as the poet who described Cacus's cave as 'reeking with recent slaughter.'

Book XXI: The Eternal Punishment of the Damned

Quoted regarding purgatorial punishments after death, representing the Platonist view.

Chapter III

Quoted for the line 'Hence wild desires and grovelling fears, And human laughter, human tears.'

That All Marvels Are Not of Nature's Production, but That Some Are Due to Human Ingenuity and Others to Diabolic Contrivance

Quoted for his description of a powerful magician, illustrating the extent of diabolic power.

Chapter XIII: Against the Opinion of Those Who Think That the Punishments of the Wicked After Death Are Purgatorial

Quoted for his poetic depiction of purgatorial punishments after death, which Augustine uses to represent the Platonic position he critiques.

XXVII

Cited for a line about those who served others, paralleling Christian teaching on alms.

Endnotes

His Aeneid is frequently cited for classical parallels and moral examples.