Jesus Christ

Jupiter

Jesus Christ and Jupiter are depicted as competing divine figures, with Christ's monotheistic supremacy challenging Jupiter's polytheistic authority.

Felicity

Felicity is closely associated with Jesus Christ as a personification of blessedness and divine favor, often aligned with his teachings.

John

John is a devoted disciple and close companion of Jesus Christ, often serving as a witness to his ministry and teachings.

Hercules

Hercules is contrasted with Jesus Christ as a pagan hero of myth, whose flawed exploits are set against Christ's perfect sacrifice.

Cyrus

Cyrus is portrayed as a divinely appointed ruler who prefigures Christ's kingship and serves God's plan.

Abraham

Abraham is a spiritual ancestor and foreshadower of Jesus Christ, with Christ being the fulfillment of the covenant made to Abraham.

Jacob

Jacob is a patriarch in the lineage of Jesus Christ, with Christ being the promised descendant of Jacob's line.

Liber

Jesus Christ is opposed to Liber, a pagan god of excess, as Christ represents sobriety and divine truth versus pagan debauchery.

Plato

Jesus Christ and Plato are compared philosophically, with Plato's ideas sometimes seen as anticipating Christian truths.

Jupiter

Jesus Christ and Jupiter are depicted as competing divine figures, with Christ's monotheistic supremacy challenging Jupiter's polytheistic authority.

John

John is a devoted disciple and close companion of Jesus Christ, often serving as a witness to his ministry and teachings.

Jupiter

Jesus Christ and Jupiter are depicted as competing divine figures, with Christ's monotheistic supremacy challenging Jupiter's polytheistic authority.

Book I

Founder of the City of God, whose name and sanctuaries provided refuge during the sack of Rome.

I

The Redeemer whose name and sanctuaries provided refuge during the sack of Rome.

VII

His name is credited for the clemency shown by the barbarians.

X

Quoted on laying up treasures in heaven rather than on earth.

Of the end of this life, whether it is material that it be long delayed

Implied as the source of Christian hope and the standard for a good life.

Of the burial of the dead: that the denial of it to Christians does them no injury

Quoted as the Truth who said 'Fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul' and 'Be not afraid of them that kill the body, and after that have no more that they can do.'

Reasons for Burying the Bodies of the Saints

Commends the woman who anointed Him for burial and is buried with honor.

Of suicide committed through fear of punishment or dishonour

Referenced as 'truth itself' in the condemnation of Judas's suicide.

XXII

Mentioned as having admonished his disciples to flee persecution but not to commit suicide.

XXVIII

Referenced as the Lord whose servants are consoled.

XXIX

The Lord whose servants are addressed and who provides the consolation of the family of God.

Of the sons of the church who are hidden among the wicked, and of false Christians within the church

Referred to as the Lord Christ and King Christ, whose family and city are the subject of the chapter.

Recapitulation of the Contents of the First Book

Referenced as the source of mercy shown by barbarians who spared churches and Christians during the sack.

XVIII

Referred to as the heavenly King who teaches truth and calls His people to an eternal city.

Of the corruption which had grown upon the Roman republic before Christ abolished the worship of the gods

His coming is referenced as the point after which the worship of the gods was abolished, and Christian religion provides the moral law.

XXV

Mentioned as the one who issued precepts inculcating virtue and restraining vice, contrasted with the pagan gods.

XXVIII

The name of Christ is invoked as the means by which men are rescued from hellish thraldom and unclean spirits.

I

Referred to as 'our Redeemer,' marking the advent that divides the old era of pagan worship from the new.

Of the Destruction of the Saguntines, Who Received No Help from the Roman Gods, Though Perishing on Account of Their Fidelity to Rome

Referenced as the source of hope for Christians who suffer, unlike the temporal hopes of pagans.

XXXI

The one whose benefits are unacknowledged by critics; His religion is blamed for disasters.

Of those things which are contained in Books II and III

Referenced as the name of Christ through whom God bestowed succor on the good and bad.

XVI

Quoted as the true Physician who calls the weary to find rest in meekness and lowliness.

Of the scenic plays, the celebration of which the gods have exacted from their worshippers.

Referenced as the Lord through whose grace men are freed from the domination of demons.

Of the falsity of the augury by which the strength and stability of the Roman empire was considered to be indicated

Proved able to drive the Roman gods from temples and hearts without altering empire boundaries.

The Confessions of the Pagan Philosophers

The one through whose lowliness the superstitions were overthrown.

Concerning the opinions of Varro, who, while reprobating the popular belief, thought that their worship should be confined to one god, though he was unable to discover the true God.

Mentioned as the source of grace that frees from demonic tyranny.

Concerning the kingdom of the Jews, which was founded by the one and true God, and preserved by Him as long as they remained in the true religion.

Mentioned as the one whom the Jews were led to kill.

Concerning the eradication of the love of human praise, because all the glory of the righteous is in God

Quoted as the Good Master and physician of minds, teaching about denying Him before men and doing righteousness for God's glory.

Chapter XVIII

Referenced as the giver of true glory and eternal life, whom the Jews rejected.

XXV

Implied as the true God whom Constantine worshipped.

Chapter VIII: The Absurdity of Janus Worship

Quoted as the true door, contrasting with the false imagery of Janus.

Chapter XXXI

God's only Son, sent as the Word, who assumed flesh, was born, suffered, and offered the unique sacrifice for purification from sins.

That at no time in the past was the mystery of Christ’s redemption awanting, but was at all times declared, though in various forms.

The central figure of the mystery of redemption, whose advent and work were foretold from the beginning.

That Only Through the Christian Religion Could the Deceit of Malign Spirits Have Been Manifested

He who afforded an example of humility, liberating men from the dominion of demons.

XXIII

The Lord whose coming was recognized by Simeon, Anna, Elisabeth, and Peter, and who is the true Savior delivering men from man-made gods.

Book IX: The Mediation of Demons and the Unique Mediation of Christ

The unique mediator between God and man, who cleanses from sin and provides eternal blessedness.

That the passions which assail the souls of Christians do not seduce them to vice, but exercise their virtue

Implied as the source of Christian doctrine on the passions, though not directly named.

Of the man Christ Jesus, the Mediator between God and men

The good Mediator between God and men, who became mortal and rose again to lead mortals to blessed immortality.

That to obtain the blessed life, which consists in partaking of the supreme good, man needs such mediation as is furnished not by a demon, but by Christ alone.

Identified as the true Mediator between God and man, who assumed human flesh without pollution and provides divine help.

Of the kind of knowledge which puffs up the demons

Referred to as the humility of God who appeared in the form of a servant, opposing the pride of demons.

Chapter XXI: The Lord's Revelation to the Demons

Reveals Himself to demons through temporal signs of power; permits temptation to set an example; after temptation, is ministered to by holy angels.

The Opinion of Plotinus the Platonist Regarding Enlightenment from Above

Implied as the true Light that lightens every man, referenced through the Gospel of John.

III

The Only-begotten who intercedes as priest.

Of the true and perfect sacrifice

The great High Priest who offered Himself in passion for us.

XIV

Quoted regarding the lilies of the field, teaching that God provides for earthly needs.

Of the supreme and true sacrifice which was effected by the Mediator between God and men

The true Mediator who, in the form of a servant, became both the Priest and the Sacrifice offered.

Whence the saints derive power against demons and true purification of heart

The Mediator between God and men, who assumed humanity without sin, becoming both Priest and Sacrifice for the remission of sins.

Of the one only true principle which alone purifies and renews human nature

The Word made flesh, the true Principle and Mediator who purifies believers by His incarnation, death, and resurrection.

XXVII

Presented as the true healer and savior who purifies the whole human nature.

XXVIII

Identified as the virtue and wisdom of God, rejected by Porphyry but central to salvation.

Of the incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ, which the Platonists in their impiety blush to acknowledge

The incarnation of the unchangeable Son of God, who assumed humanity for salvation.

Porphyry's Emendations of Platonism on the Soul's Return

Preached the gospel and the truth of the resurrection, contrasted with Platonist errors.

XXXI

Mentioned as the Priest who offered Himself as a sacrifice for us.

XXXII

The Savior who assumed human nature and provides the universal way of deliverance.

Book XI: The Origin of the Two Cities

The Mediator between God and men, through whom alone knowledge of God is possible.

Of the knowledge of God, to which no man can attain save through the Mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

The Mediator between God and men, the God-man who establishes the way to God.

Of the authority of the canonical Scriptures composed by the Divine Spirit

Referred to as the Mediator who spoke through prophets, His own lips, and the apostles.

What the Scriptures Teach Us to Believe Concerning the Creation of the Angels

Referred to as the only-begotten Son of God, the unchangeable Wisdom by whom all things were made.

XIII

Referenced as the Lord who spoke about the devil not abiding in the truth.

XIV

Quoted as the source of the statement about the devil not abiding in the truth.

That the flaw of wickedness is not nature, but contrary to nature, and has its origin, not in the Creator, but in the will.

Referenced indirectly as the one through whom God's good use of evil wills is manifested.

Of the knowledge by which the holy angels know God in His essence, and by which they see the causes of His works in the art of the worker, before they see them in the works of the artist

Referred to as the only-begotten Word of God, through whom angels know the Father and the Holy Spirit.

Of the seventh day, in which completeness and repose are celebrated

Referenced indirectly through the Holy Spirit, whom the Lord says 'will teach you all truth.'

Of the opinion that the angels were created before the world

Referred to as 'the Beginning' (Wisdom/Word) through whom the Father made all things.

Of the two different and dissimilar communities of angels, which are not inappropriately signified by the names light and darkness

Referred to as the only-begotten Word in whom the angels were made.

Book XII

Referenced implicitly as the mediator and the one through whom the good will is created and sustained.

Of the revolution of the ages, which some philosophers believe will bring all things round again, after a certain fixed cycle, to the same order and form as at first.

Cited as the once-for-all sacrifice for sins, whose death and resurrection break the cycle of recurrence.

Chapter XVIII

Quoted from the Gospel: 'The very hairs of your head are all numbered.'

Chapter XX

Referenced as the straight path, Guide, and Saviour whom Christians must follow.

Of that opinion of the Platonists, that the angels were themselves indeed created by God, but that afterwards they created man’s body.

Implied as the true God who alone creates and redeems, in contrast to Platonic intermediaries.

Book XIII: Of the Good of Death, the Resurrection of the Flesh, and the Paradise of the First Parents

Referred to as the Saviour whose grace turns the punishment of sin into the service of righteousness.

Chapter II

Quoted as the Saviour who warns of the power to destroy both soul and body in hell.

Why Death, the Punishment of Sin, Is Not Withheld from Those Who by Grace Are Absolved from Sin

Referred to as the Saviour whose grace turns the punishment of sin into a service of righteousness.

Chapter VII: Of the death which the unbaptized suffer for the confession of Christ

Quoted as the source of the sayings on baptism, confession, and losing one's life for His sake.

XV

Implied as the source of grace that frees man from the second death.

Chapter XVIII

His ascension is cited as a key example of an earthly body in heaven.

XXII

Cited as an example of eating and drinking after resurrection in spiritual but real flesh.

XXIII

The last Adam, made a quickening spirit, who rose from the dead and will give spiritual bodies to His members.

Chapter XXIV

The last Adam, made a quickening spirit; breathed the Holy Spirit on His disciples.

Book XIV: The Sin of the First Man and the Two Cities

Referenced in the context of the Word made flesh and in the dialogue with Peter about love.

Of Carnal Life

Referenced as 'the Word was made flesh,' meaning He became man.

III

Implied as the source of redemption and the hope of being clothed with immortality.

Chapter IV: What it is to live according to man, and what to live according to God

Referenced as 'the truth' who said 'I am the truth.'

VII

Quoted as asking Peter about his love and regard, demonstrating the interchangeable use of terms.

IX

Mentioned as having true human emotions without sin, such as sorrowful indignation, joy, tears, and desire.

Chapter X: The Blessedness of Paradise Before the Fall

Quoted regarding the sin of lust in the heart: 'Whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her, hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.'

Of the fall of the first man, in whom nature was created good, and can be restored only by its Author

Referred to as the Son who makes us free, the Liberator and Saviour.

Chapter XIII

Mentioned as the King of the city of God, in whom humility is specially exhibited.

XV

Referenced as the second Man whose obedience unto death is contrasted with Adam's disobedience.

XXII

Quoted as affirming the indissolubility of marriage in response to questions about divorce.

Of the angels and men who sinned, and that their wickedness did not disturb the order of God’s providence

Implied as the seed of man through whom the devil is conquered by divine grace.

I

The one into whom individuals are grafted by regeneration to become spiritual.

Chapter VI

Quoted in the parable of the unforgiving servant, teaching forgiveness.

Chapter VII: Of the Cause of Cain's Crime and His Obstinacy

Prefigured by Abel as the Shepherd of the flock of men, slain by the Jews.

The Significance of Enoch’s Translation

Our Head, in whom the dedication is already accomplished, who rose again and was translated.

The Generations of Cain and Seth: The Two Cities Before the Flood

The eternal King of the city of God, to whom the genealogy from Seth through Noah and Abraham leads.

Of the fall of the sons of God who were captivated by the daughters of men, whereby all, with the exception of eight persons, deservedly perished in the deluge

Referenced indirectly as the bridegroom of the city of God in the Canticles.

XXVI

Christ is the Mediator of God and men, prefigured by the ark and its dimensions; the door in the ark's side signifies the wound from the spear.

What was prophetically prefigured in the sons of Noah

The one prefigured by Shem; His passion is signified by Noah's nakedness and the vine.

Of Abraham’s overcoming the enemies of Sodom, when he delivered Lot from captivity and was blessed by Melchizedek the priest.

Fulfills the prophecy of being a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.

XXVI

The eighth day of circumcision signifies Christ, who rose again after the Sabbath.

Of the change of name in Abraham and Sarah, who received the gift of fecundity when they were incapable of regeneration owing to the barrenness of one, and the old age of both.

The promise to Abraham is seen as fulfilled in Christ.

Of Rebecca, the granddaughter of Nahor, whom Isaac took to wife

Fulfilled the prophecy signified by Abraham's oath, being born from Abraham's lineage.

Chapter XXXVII: Of the things mystically prefigured in Esau and Jacob

Christ is identified as the one blessed in Jacob's blessing, now ruling over the nations and the Jews.

Of Jacob’s mission to Mesopotamia to get a wife, and of the vision which he saw in a dream by the way, and of his getting four women when he sought one wife.

Referenced in the interpretation of Jacob's ladder: the angels ascending and descending upon the Son of man, and the anointing of the stone as a type of Christ.

The Reason Why Jacob Was Also Called Israel

The angel who wrestled with Jacob is a type of Christ, and the struggle prefigures Christ's passion and the Jews' overcoming of Him.

Of the blessing which Jacob promised in Judah his son

Christ is the fulfillment of the prophecy: He voluntarily lays down His life, rises again, and is the expectation of the nations.

The Fulfillment of God's Promise Concerning the Land of Canaan

The incarnation of Christ fulfills the spiritual promise to all nations.

Chapter IV: The Prophecy of Hannah and the City of God

Identified as the Lord who ascended into heaven, descended into hell, and will judge the living and the dead.

Chapter V

Christ is identified as the faithful Priest who fulfills the prophecy, offering the sacrifice of His flesh for the life of the world.

Of the Jewish priesthood and kingdom, which, although promised to be established forever, did not continue; so that other things are to be understood to which eternity is assured

The true Mediator and eternal King, prefigured by the anointed kings and priests of Israel.

VII

The Mediator and neighbor to whom the kingdom is given, reigning spiritually and fulfilling the prophecy.

Chapter VIII: Of the promises made to David in his son, which are in no wise fulfilled in Solomon, but most fully in Christ

The true seed of David, whose kingdom is eternal and who builds the spiritual house of believers.

IX

The subject of the prophecies, referred to under the name of David, as the Mediator who assumed the form of a servant from the seed of David.

Of the substance of the people of God, which through His assumption of flesh is in Christ, who alone had power to deliver His own soul from hell.

Identified as the substance of Israel, the one who died and rose, having power to lay down and take up His life, delivering His soul from hell.

Chapter XII

The 'change of Christ' refers to His passion and resurrection, reproached by enemies.

Of David’s concern in the writing of the Psalms

Quoted in the Gospel as affirming David's prophecy about Christ as Lord.

XV

Subject of David's prophecies in the Psalms, concerning Christ and His Church.

Chapter XVI

The King anointed by God, whose throne is forever; the spouse of the Church, and the one who founded the city of God.

Of those things in the 110th Psalm which relate to the priesthood of Christ, and in the 22nd to His passion.

The Priest after the order of Melchizedek, whose passion and kingship are foretold in Psalms 110 and 22.

XVIII

The subject of the prophecies; his death and resurrection are foretold in the Psalms.

Of the 69th Psalm, in which the obstinate unbelief of the Jews is declared.

The subject of the psalm's prophecy, whose passion is described in the quoted verses about gall and vinegar.

Of David's reign and merit; and of his son Solomon, and that prophecy relating to Christ which is found either in those books which are joined to those written by him, or in those which are indubitably his.

The Mediator and King of the City of Christ; prophesied in Solomon's books as the Wisdom of God and the heir killed by wicked husbandmen.

Of the varying condition of both the Hebrew kingdoms, until the people of both were at different times led into captivity, Judah being afterwards recalled into his kingdom, which finally passed into the power of the Romans.

Mentioned as the one whom the Jews found tributaries of the Romans at His coming.

Of the prophets, who either were the last among the Jews, or whom the gospel history reports about the time of Christ’s nativity.

The Lord Himself, whose nativity was prophesied by the last prophets.

I

Referred to as the founder of the city of God and the one in whom the promises were fulfilled.

Who were kings of Argos, and of Assyria, when Jacob died in Egypt

Christ is the expectation of the nations foretold in Jacob's prophecy.

Chapter XI: The Exodus and the Law Given at Sinai

The New Testament promises the kingdom of heaven through Jesus Christ.

Chapter XVIII: On Demonic Transformations and the Need to Flee Babylon

Referred to as the Mediator through whom believers ascend from lowest to highest places.

Of the Erythraean sibyl, who is known to have sung many things about Christ more plainly than the other sibyls

The subject of the sibyl's prophecies, including His passion, death, and resurrection.

XXVIII

Referred to as the cornerstone, the headship, and David their king; his resurrection on the third day is foretold.

XXIX

Referred to as the servant who shall be exalted and glorified, the King who founded the city.

What Micah, Jonah, and Joel Prophesied in Accordance with the New Testament

Christ is the subject of the prophecies: Micah foretells His birth in Bethlehem and His role as prince; Jonah's experience prefigures His death and resurrection; Joel's prophecy of the Spirit is fulfilled through Him.

Of the predictions concerning the salvation of the world in Christ, in Obadiah, Nahum, and Habakkuk

The Holy One and Savior whose advent and work fulfill the prophecies of Obadiah, Nahum, and Habakkuk.

Of the prophecy that is contained in the prayer and song of Habakkuk

The subject of Habakkuk's prophecy, whose crucifixion, resurrection, and salvation are foretold.

What Jeremiah and Zephaniah have, by the prophetic Spirit, spoken before concerning Christ and the calling of the nations

Referred to as 'the Lord Christ' and 'our righteous Lord' in Jeremiah's prophecies; the one who suffered for sins and is the mediator of the new testament.

Of the prophecy of Daniel and Ezekiel, other two of the greater prophets.

The one like the Son of man who receives everlasting dominion and kingdom, and the servant David who is the shepherd and king.

Of the prophecy of the three prophets, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi

Referred to as the desired of all nations, the King who comes riding on an ass, the Angel of the Lord Almighty, and the Priest after the order of Melchizedek; His first and second advents are foretold.

About Esdras and the Books of the Maccabees

Christ is identified as the Truth, which is victorious over all, as prophesied in the passage from Esdras.

XLIV

Signified by both the forty days (ascension) and three days (resurrection) in the prophecy.

Chapter XLV

Born in the reign of Herod, fulfilling the prophecy of Jacob and becoming the expectation of the nations.

Of the birth of our Saviour, whereby the Word was made flesh; and of the dispersion of the Jews among all nations, as had been prophesied.

Born of a virgin in Bethlehem, performed miracles, died, rose again, and ascended to heaven.

Whether before Christian times there were any outside of the Israelite race who belonged to the fellowship of the heavenly city

The one Mediator between God and men, revealed to saints of old.

XLVIII

The one by whom the Church, the true house of God, is built and typified by the rebuilt temple.

Of the indiscriminate increase of the Church, wherein many reprobate are in this world mixed with the elect.

Chose lowly disciples, suffered, died, rose, ascended, and sent the Holy Spirit.

Of the preaching of the gospel, which is made more famous and powerful by the sufferings of its preachers.

Augustine quotes Christ's post-resurrection instructions to His disciples about preaching repentance and remission of sins among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem.

LI

The liberating Mediator and the one whose name heretics oppose under a Christian guise.

LII

His crucifixion is cited as a persecution of the Head of the Church, which some reckonings exclude.

Of the hidden time of the final persecution

Referred to as the one who will end the final persecution and who told the disciples that the times are known only to the Father.

LIV

Central figure; His resurrection and sending of the Holy Spirit mark the beginning of Christian faith.

Book XIX: The Ends of the Two Cities

Implied as the source of the faith by which the just lives and the hope of eternal life.

Of the liberty proper to man’s nature, and the servitude introduced by sin

Quoted: 'Everyone who doeth sin is the servant of sin.'

Whether the God whom the Christians serve is the true God to whom alone sacrifice ought to be paid

The seed of Abraham through whom the blessing of all nations is accomplished.

XXIII

Discussed in Porphyry's oracles as a pious man whose soul is immortal; Augustine refutes the demonic praise and calumny.

Book XX: The Last Judgment and the Resurrection

The Son of Man who will come in glory to judge the living and the dead, separating the righteous from the wicked.

I

The one who will come from heaven to judge the quick and the dead.

Chapter IV: Proofs of the Last Judgment from the New and Old Testaments

Quoted as directing the order of teaching through the parable of the householder bringing out treasures new and old.

Chapter V: The Passages in Which the Saviour Declares That There Shall Be a Divine Judgment in the End of the World

The Saviour who declares the coming divine judgment in the Gospels, reproving cities, speaking of the resurrection, and describing the final separation of the good and bad.

What is the first resurrection, and what the second

Quoted extensively regarding the resurrection of the dead and judgment.

What is written in the Revelation of John regarding the two resurrections, and the thousand years, and what may reasonably be held on these points

Quoted as saying 'No man can enter into a strong man’s house... except he first bind the strong man,' referring to the binding of the devil.

Of the binding and loosing of the devil

Referred to as the Redeemer, Helper, Deliverer, and the one whose first and second coming frame the thousand-year period.

Chapter IX: The Reign of the Saints with Christ

Central figure whose first coming initiates the thousand-year reign; He is Lord of the living and the dead.

Chapter X

Referred to as the one Priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.

Chapter XII: Whether the Fire That Came Down Out of Heaven and Devoured Them Refers to the Last Punishment of the Wicked

Referred to as Christ, who in His coming will strike persecutors and kill Antichrist with the breath of His mouth.

Chapter XIII

The King with whom the saints reign during the thousand years and during the final persecution.

XIV

The One sitting on the great white throne, from whose face heaven and earth flee.

XV

Those whom Christ finds alive in the body are to be judged along with the resurrected.

XIX

Referred to as the Lord whose coming and final judgment are preceded by Antichrist.

Chapter XX: The Resurrection of the Dead at Christ's Coming

Lord Christ who comes to judge the quick and the dead, and in whom all are made alive.

Chapter XXI: Utterances of the Prophet Isaiah Regarding the Resurrection of the Dead and the Retributive Judgment

Referred to as the High Priest after the order of Melchizedek and the one who sends fire and sword in a good sense.

What Daniel Predicted Regarding the Persecution of Antichrist, the Judgment of God, and the Kingdom of the Saints

The Son of man whose eternal kingdom follows Antichrist's defeat.

Chapter XXIV: Passages from the Psalms of David which predict the end of the world and the last judgment

Identified as the Lord who will come manifestly to judge the quick and the dead.

XXVI

The only instance of a sinless human, symbolized by the immaculate victims of the old law.

Chapter XXVIII

The one of whom Moses wrote, and by whose judgment the separation of good and bad occurs.

Of the coming of Elijah before the judgment, that the Jews may be converted to Christ by his preaching and explanation of Scripture

The true Christ whom the Jews will come to believe in through Elijah's preaching.

The Last Judgment and the Prophetic Witness

Identified as the Judge who will come in glory, sent by the Father, and whose name is hoped in by the nations.

Book XXI: The Eternal Punishment of the Damned

Mentioned as the Judge of quick and dead, through whom the two cities reach their proper ends.

Of the order of the discussion, which requires that we first speak of the eternal punishment of the lost in company with the devil, and then of the eternal happiness of the saints.

Referred to as the Judge of quick and dead, through whom the two cities reach their proper ends.

IX

Quoted regarding the warning about hell and the undying worm and unquenchable fire.

Chapter X: The Nature of Hellfire and the Punishment of Spirits

Quoted regarding the everlasting fire prepared for the devil and his angels.

Whether it is just that the punishments of sins last longer than the sins themselves lasted

His saying about measuring with the same measure is quoted and interpreted by Augustine.

Chapter XII: Of the greatness of the first transgression, on account of which eternal punishment is due to all who are not within the pale of the Saviour’s grace.

Referred to as the Saviour whose grace delivers from eternal punishment.

XV

The one Son of God by nature who became Son of man, enabling us to become sons of God by grace.

Chapter XVI: The Laws of Grace Across the Ages of the Regenerate

The Mediator between God and men, who partook of mortality to make us partakers of His divinity.

Of those who promise impunity from all sins even to heretics, through virtue of their participation of the body of Christ.

Quoted as saying 'This is the bread which cometh down from heaven, that if any man eat thereof, he shall not die.'

Of those who promise this indulgence not to all, but only to those who have been baptized as catholics, though afterwards they have broken out into many crimes and heresies.

Referenced as the source of baptism and the body of Christ.

Chapter XXI: Of those who assert that all catholics who continue in the faith, even though by the depravity of their lives they have merited hell fire, shall be saved on account of the “foundation” of their faith.

Referred to as the foundation laid by the apostle, upon which believers build their works.

Of those who fancy that the sins which are intermingled with alms-deeds shall not be charged at the day of judgment

Quoted as the Judge who awards life eternal or everlasting punishment based on works of mercy.

Chapter XXIII: Against Those Who Deny the Eternity of Punishment for the Devil and Wicked Men

Quoted as pronouncing the judgment: 'Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels.'

XXIV

Quoted as the Judge who separates the blessed and the cursed (Matthew 25:34, 41, 46).

Chapter XXV

Quoted regarding the bread from heaven and the condition of dwelling in Him to truly eat His body and drink His blood.

What it is to have Christ for a foundation, and who they are to whom salvation as by fire is promised

The foundation of faith; His commands and allowances define proper love for family and the basis for salvation.

XXVII

Quoted regarding the Lord's Prayer and the command to forgive others.

Book XXII: The Eternal Blessedness of the City of God and the Resurrection of the Body

Mentioned as the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham and the foundation of the resurrection.

Of the creation of angels and men

Referenced through the gospel promise that 'of His kingdom there shall be no end.'

Of the eternal and unchangeable will of God

Referenced as the one who spoke of the law written in the hearts of men.

Of the promise of eternal blessedness to the saints, and everlasting punishment to the wicked

The fulfillment of the promise to Abraham, in whom all nations are blessed.

Chapter V: Of the Resurrection of the Flesh, Which Some Refuse to Believe, Though the World at Large Believes It

Central figure whose resurrection and ascension are the subject of belief and debate.

VI

True God and founder of the heavenly city, believed through faith, prophecy, and miracles, inspiring countless martyrs.

VII

Central figure whose resurrection and ascension are defended as divinely attested.

Chapter VIII: Miracles of the Martyr Stephen and the Power of Faith

Referenced as the object of faith and the source of miracles, with emphasis on His virgin birth and resurrection.

IX

Central figure whose resurrection in the flesh and ascension is the faith attested by miracles.

Chapter X: The Greater Honor of Martyrs Compared to Demons

The risen Christ, whose resurrection is the central truth proclaimed by the martyrs.

XII

His risen body with marks of wounds is cited as precedent for bodily resurrection.

Whether infants shall rise in that body which they would have had had they grown up.

Quoted for the saying 'Not a hair of your head shall perish,' used as a key scriptural reference.

Whether the bodies of all the dead shall rise the same size as the Lord’s body

His resurrected body is used as the standard of comparison; He rose in the same stature as He died.

Chapter XVI: What is meant by the conforming of the saints to the image of the Son of God

The Son of God, to whose image the saints are predestined to be conformed.

Whether the Bodies of Women Shall Retain Their Own Sex in the Resurrection

Quoted in response to the Sadducees, affirming that in the resurrection there is no marriage but the sexes remain.

Of the perfect Man, that is, Christ; and of His body, that is, the Church, which is His fullness.

Identified as the Head of the Church, the perfect Man who ascended and fills all things.

XIX

Cited for His resurrection and His statement 'Not a hair of your head shall perish' and 'The hairs of your head are all numbered.'

The Resurrection of the Body: Reunion and Restoration

Referenced through the Truth's saying, 'Not a hair of your head shall perish.'

Of the Miseries and Ills to Which the Human Race Is Justly Exposed Through the First Sin, and from Which None Can Be Delivered Save by Christ’s Grace

Identified as the Saviour whose grace alone delivers humanity from the miseries of this life and eternal death.

Of the miseries of this life which attach peculiarly to the toil of good men, irrespective of those which are common to the good and bad.

Mentioned as the one through whom victory is given and who loved believers.

XXIV

Mentioned as the source of grace for the children of the promise and the kingdom.

XXV

His resurrection is cited as the demonstration of the reality of bodily resurrection.

Of the Beatific Vision

Quoted on the angels of little ones seeing the Father's face, and on the pure in heart seeing God.

The Eternal Felicity of the City of God and the Perpetual Sabbath

His resurrection consecrates the eternal eighth day, prefiguring the eternal repose of spirit and body.