Sancho Panza

Don Quixote

Don Quixote is the master and Sancho his loyal squire, bound by promises of an island governorship and shared adventures.

Dulcinea del Toboso

Sancho knows Dulcinea is really Aldonza Lorenzo and often plays along with Quixote's delusions about her.

The Duchess

The Duchess manipulates Sancho as part of her elaborate pranks, treating him as a comic servant.

Luscinda

Sancho interacts with Luscinda as a fellow traveler caught up in the romantic entanglements of the inn.

The Duke

The Duke appoints Sancho as governor of a mock island as part of the nobles' entertainment.

Samson Carrasco

Samson Carrasco disguises himself as a knight to defeat Don Quixote and force him home, often dealing with Sancho.

Rocinante

Sancho cares for Rocinante as a fellow long-suffering companion on their journeys.

Teresa Panza

Teresa is Sancho's practical and long-suffering wife, who scolds him for his foolish adventures.

Don Quixote

Don Quixote is the master and Sancho his loyal squire, bound by promises of an island governorship and shared adventures.

Don Quixote

Don Quixote is the master and Sancho his loyal squire, bound by promises of an island governorship and shared adventures.

Dulcinea del Toboso

Sancho knows Dulcinea is really Aldonza Lorenzo and often plays along with Quixote's delusions about her.

Luscinda

Sancho interacts with Luscinda as a fellow traveler caught up in the romantic entanglements of the inn.

About This Translation

Mentioned as a familiar character in the context of the story's English reception.

II: About Cervantes and Don Quixote

A favorite of Cervantes, he develops in the Second Part with more prominence; his mendacity about Dulcinea drives the action, and he displays a natural gift for lying.

Don Quixote Part I

Don Quixote's loyal squire who accompanies him on his adventures.

Some Commendatory Verses

Addressed by Gandalin, squire of Amadís, and featured in a poem by El Donoso, highlighting his simplicity, Dapple, and alforjas.

Of what happened to our knight when he left the inn

Mentioned as the farm laborer Don Quixote plans to recruit as his squire.

V

Not present in this chapter.

Of the second sally of our worthy knight Don Quixote of La Mancha

A poor laborer neighbor who agrees to become Don Quixote's squire, lured by promises of an island governorship; leaves his family and rides his donkey on the journey.

Chapter VIII: Of the good success which the valorous Don Quixote had in the most terrifying and never-to-be-imagined adventure of the windmills, with other events worthy of happy memory

Warns Don Quixote about the friars, is beaten by the muleteers after trying to take spoils.

Chapter IX

Depicted in the manuscript illustrations holding his ass's halter, with the label 'Sancho Zancas'.

Of the pleasant discourse that passed between Don Quixote and his squire Sancho Panza

Kneels to request the island governorship, worries about the Holy Brotherhood, offers food from his alforjas, and expresses concern about Don Quixote's oath and diet.

XI

Eats and drinks with the goatherds, tends to Don Quixote's ear, and prefers standing to eat.

XII

Wishes the goatherd would stop talking and settles to sleep between Rocinante and his ass.

Chapter XIII

Present during the journey and burial preparations.

Chapter XV: The Unfortunate Adventure with the Yanguesans

Also beaten; complains of pain and asks for the balsam of Fierabrás; refuses to draw sword in future, citing his peaceful nature and family responsibilities.

XVI

Tends to his master, explains their adventures to the inn's women, and ends up in a scuffle with Maritornes.

XVII

Complains of being beaten, is blanketed by other guests, and suffers severe illness after drinking the balsam.

XVIII

Recovers from blanketing, argues with Don Quixote about reality, warns him about the sheep, and laments his master's madness.

XIX: Of the shrewd discourse which Sancho held with his master, and of the adventure that befell him with a dead body, together with other notable occurrences.

Warns Don Quixote about a broken oath, suggests the name 'Knight of the Rueful Countenance,' and gathers provisions from the priests' mule.

Of the unexampled and unheard-of adventure which was achieved by the valiant Don Quixote of La Mancha with less peril than any ever achieved by any famous knight in the world

Terrified by the noise, weeps at his master's resolve, laughs at the discovery of the hammers, and is beaten for his mockery.

Which treats of the exalted adventure and rich prize of Mambrino's helmet, together with other things that happened to our invincible knight

Skeptical of the 'helmet,' identifies it as a barber's basin; engages in a long discussion with Don Quixote about rewards, nobility, and the future governorship.

Of the freedom Don Quixote conferred on several unfortunates who against their will were being carried where they had no wish to go

Warns Don Quixote about the king's justice and fears the Holy Brotherhood's pursuit after the escape.

Of what befell Don Quixote in the Sierra Morena, which was one of the rarest adventures related in this veracious history

Laments the loss of his donkey Dapple, is consoled by Don Quixote's promise of ass-colts, and greedily searches the valise for treasure, finding gold crowns.

XXIV

Attacks Cardenio after his master is struck, then fights the goatherd over blame for not warning about Cardenio's madness.

Which treats of the strange things that happened to the stout knight of La Mancha in the Sierra Morena, and of his imitation of the penance of Beltenebros

Complains about the silence imposed on him, protests Don Quixote's madness, and is entrusted with delivering the letter to Dulcinea.

XXVI

Meets the curate and barber, recounts Don Quixote's adventures, and loses the notebook with Dulcinea's letter.

Of how the curate and the barber proceeded with their scheme; together with other matters worthy of record in this great history.

Guides the curate and barber to Don Quixote's location, withholding details about the valise he found.

Chapter XXIX

Encourages Don Quixote to grant the boon and hopes his master will marry the princess, leading to Sancho's own fortune.

Chapter XXX

Is forgiven by Don Quixote, but then provokes him again by urging him to marry Dorothea. Recovers his donkey Dapple from Ginés de Pasamonte and joyfully celebrates.

Of the delectable discussion between Don Quixote and Sancho Panza, his squire, together with other incidents.

Lies about his visit to Dulcinea, describing her winnowing wheat and giving a piece of cheese as a gift; fears being caught in his lies.

XXXII Which treats of what befell Don Quixote's party at the inn

Reluctantly enters the inn, overhears the discussion about chivalry, and considers abandoning his master if the journey does not succeed.

Which treats of the heroic and prodigious battle Don Quixote had with certain skins of red wine, and brings the novel of The Ill-Advised Curiosity to a close.

Mistakes spilled wine for the giant's blood and searches for the head.

XXXVI Which treats of more curious incidents that occurred at the inn

Weeps at the resolution, but only because he realizes Dorothea is not the queen Micomicona he expected favors from.

XXXVII

Distressed and dejected, he tries to inform Don Quixote of the reality of the wineskins and the true identities of the princess and giant.

Which treats of the curious discourse Don Quixote delivered on arms and letters

Urges Don Quixote to eat his supper during the discourse.

XXXIX

Implied as part of the audience listening to the captive's tale.

XL

Not directly present in this chapter, but the captive's story is being told within the larger narrative.

XLII Which treats of what further took place in the inn, and of several other things worth knowing.

Sancho Panza is fuming at the lateness of the hour and makes himself comfortable on his ass's trappings.

Chapter XLIV

Fights the barber over the packsaddle and is praised by Don Quixote for his stoutness.

In which the doubtful question of Mambrino's helmet and the packsaddle is finally settled, with other adventures that occurred in truth and earnest

Observes the chaos and comments on the enchantments of the inn, fearing for his master's safety.

Of the end of the notable adventure of the officers of the holy brotherhood; and of the great ferocity of our worthy knight, Don Quixote

Recognizes the disguised figures but does not dare to speak; bows respectfully to Don Quixote.

Of the strange manner in which Don Quixote of La Mancha was carried away enchanted, together with other remarkable incidents

Accompanies the cart on his ass, leading Rocinante, and questions whether the apparitions are Catholic, noting one smells of amber.

XLVIII

Attempts to persuade Don Quixote that his enchantment is a hoax, pointing out the disguised curate and barber.

XLIX

Argues that Don Quixote cannot be enchanted because he eats and drinks, and proposes a plan to free him from the cage.

Of the shrewd controversy which Don Quixote and the canon held, together with other incidents.

Expresses his desire for the promised county and his philosophy of contentment.

LII

Defends Don Quixote in the fight with the goatherd, laments over his master after he is struck down, and helps him mount the enchanted cart.

II

Defends himself against the niece and housekeeper, reports villagers' opinions, and reveals the existence of a book about their adventures.

Of the laughable conversation that passed between Don Quixote, Sancho Panza, and the bachelor Samson Carrasco

Interrupts to correct details about Dulcinea's title and jokes about his own role in the history; mentions his weals from beatings.

IV In which Sancho Panza gives a satisfactory reply to the doubts and questions of the bachelor Samson Carrasco, together with other matters worth knowing and telling.

Explains the theft of Dapple by Ginés de Pasamonte and the spending of the hundred crowns; discusses his terms for accompanying Don Quixote and his hopes for a governorship.

Of the shrewd and droll conversation that passed between Sancho Panza and his wife Teresa Panza, and other matters worthy of being duly recorded

Sancho is gleeful about returning to Don Quixote's service, driven by hope of a governorship and financial gain, but conflicted about leaving his family.

Of what took place between Don Quixote and his niece and housekeeper; one of the most important chapters in the whole history.

Arrives at the door and is welcomed by Don Quixote; they shut themselves up for another conversation.

VII

Bargains for fixed wages, uses proverbs, and ultimately agrees to serve on reward.

Wherein is related what befell Don Quixote on his way to see his lady Dulcinea del Toboso

Recalls seeing Dulcinea sifting wheat; worries about his reputation in the history; asks about the fate of dead knights.

Chapter IX

Anxious to hide his earlier false report; tries to lead Don Quixote away from town and suggests he hide in the forest.

Wherein is related the crafty device Sancho adopted to enchant the lady Dulcinea, and other incidents as ludicrous as they are true

Crafts a scheme to deceive Don Quixote into believing a peasant girl is Dulcinea, rationalizing that his master's madness will accept the illusion.

Of the strange adventure which the valiant Don Quixote had with the car or cart of the Cortes of Death

Consoles Don Quixote, advises against attacking the cart, and shows concern for his ass Dapple.

Of the strange adventure which befell the valiant Don Quixote with the bold Knight of the Mirrors

Shows growing shrewdness and wit, comparing life to a game of chess; converses with the squire of the Grove and defends his own talkative nature.

XIII

Engages in a colloquy with the squire of the Knight of the Grove, discussing the hardships of squire life, his hopes for an island governorship, and his love for his master despite his madness.

Wherein is continued the adventure of the Knight of the Grove

Terrified by the squire's monstrous nose and reluctant to fight; climbs a cork tree to watch the duel safely.

XV

His neighbor Tom Cecial serves as Carrasco's squire, though Sancho is unaware of the plot.

XVI

Remains skeptical about the Knight of the Mirrors being Carrasco, knowing his own trick with Dulcinea.

Wherein is shown the furthest and highest point which the unexampled courage of Don Quixote reached or could reach; together with the happily achieved adventure of the lions.

Tries to prevent his master from engaging the lions, but ultimately celebrates the perceived victory.

Of what happened Don Quixote in the castle or house of the Knight of the Green Gabán, together with other matters out of the common

Accompanies Don Quixote, removes his master's armor, and is responsible for the curds that stained Don Quixote's face.

In which is related the adventure of the enamoured shepherd, together with other truly droll incidents.

Listens to the story of Basilio and Quiteria, expresses sympathy for Basilio, and is reluctant to sleep in the fields.

Wherein an account is given of the wedding of Camacho the Rich, together with the incident of Basilio the Poor

Enjoys the plentiful food at Camacho's wedding and argues pragmatically that wealth is superior to Basilio's accomplishments.

XXI

Offers boorish praise of Quiteria's appearance and retreats to the wine-jars during the conflict.

XXII Wherin is related the grand adventure of the Cave of Montesinos in the heart of La Mancha, which the valiant Don Quixote brought to a happy termination.

Assists in lowering and raising Don Quixote from the cave, weeping and praying for his master's safe return.

Of the wonderful things the incomparable Don Quixote said he saw in the profound Cave of Montesinos, the impossibility and magnitude of which cause this adventure to be deemed apocryphal

Expresses doubt about Don Quixote's account, suggesting enchantment has clouded his master's senses, but remains loyal and engaged in the conversation.

Wherein are related a thousand trifling matters, as trivial as they are necessary to the right understanding of this great history

Shows boldness in speaking to his master; longs for the plentiful hospitality of Camacho's wedding and Don Diego's house.

Chapter XXV

Inquires about his wife Teresa; told by the ape that she is hackling flax and drinking wine; expresses disbelief about Don Quixote's cave adventures.

Chapter XXVI

Acts as an arbitrator for the damages and disburses payment to Master Pedro.

Wherein it is shown who Master Pedro and his ape were, together with the mishap Don Quixote had in the braying adventure, which he did not conclude as he would have liked or as he had expected.

Observes his master's wisdom, comments on the braying story, and interjects to support Don Quixote's authority.

Chapter XXVIII

Complains about his soreness from being beaten, argues about wages and the island, and tearfully repents, vowing to serve faithfully.

Of the famous adventure of the enchanted bark

Reluctantly follows his master, warns the boat belongs to fishermen, weeps for their animals, and prays for deliverance after the capsizing.

Of Don Quixote’s adventure with a fair huntress

Dejected about his advancement; delivers the message to the duchess; gets his foot caught in the packsaddle and falls; praised by the duchess for his drollery.

XXXI Which treats of many and great matters

Enjoys being a favorite of the duchess; tells a long-winded story about seating; claims to have seen the enchanted Dulcinea; argues with duenna Doña Rodriguez over stabling Dapple.

Of the reply Don Quixote gave his censurer, with other incidents, grave and droll

Supports Don Quixote and is promised an island governorship by the duke.

XXXIII

Sancho defends his deception of Don Quixote regarding Dulcinea's enchantment, discusses his qualifications for governorship, and shows loyalty to his master despite knowing his madness.

XXXIV Which relates how they learned the way in which they were to disenchant the peerless Dulcinea del Toboso, which is one of the rarest adventures in this book.

Fears the boar, tears his hunting coat, and later trembles at the demon's arrival.

Wherein is continued the instruction given to Don Quixote touching the disenchantment of Dulcinea, together with other marvellous incidents

Stubbornly refuses to whip himself, arguing with Merlin, Dulcinea, and the Duke and Duchess about the unfairness of the penance.

Wherein is related the strange and undreamt-of adventure of the distressed Duenna, alias the countess Trifaldi, together with a letter which Sancho Panza wrote to his wife, Teresa Panza.

Reports his penance lashes, shares his letter to Teresa, and discusses his upcoming governorship.

Wherein is continued the notable adventure of the distressed Duenna

Expresses distrust of duennas and jokes about the Countess Three-skirts, but later claims to have learned courtesy from Don Quixote.

XXXVIII

Interacts with the Countess Trifaldi, offering to intercede with his master on her behalf.

XXXIX

Sancho interjects with commentary about the queen's death and defends the princess's marriage, drawing on his master's teachings.

XL

Reluctant to join the adventure, but eventually resolves to accompany his master.

Of the arrival of Clavileño and the end of this protracted adventure

Reluctantly mounts the croup, expresses fear, and later describes a fanciful view of the earth and goats.

XLII

Prepares to become governor; expresses a cooled desire after seeing the earth from 'heaven'.

Of the second set of counsels Don Quixote gave Sancho Panza

Listens attentively, defends his use of proverbs, and expresses willingness to give up the governorship if unfit.

XLIV

Departs for his governorship; leaves behind a pair of travelling boots.

Of how the great Sancho Panza took possession of his island, and of how he made a beginning in governing.

Takes possession of the island of Barataria and begins his governorship, delivering clever and humorous judgments.

Of the terrible bell and cat fright that Don Quixote got in the course of the enamoured Altisidora's wooing

Mentioned as proceeding with diligence in his government, but not present in the chapter.

XLVII

Governor of the island, frustrated by the physician's dietary restrictions and angered by a farmer's request for money.

Of what happened Sancho in making the round of his island

Governor of the island, making his rounds and dispensing justice with a mix of common sense and humor.

Chapter L

Confirmed as governor of Barataria; his wife and daughter receive news and gifts from the duke and duchess.

Chapter LI

Governor of the island, writes to Don Quixote about his hardships and governance activities.

Wherein is related the adventure of the second distressed or afflicted Duenna, otherwise called Doña Rodriguez

Mentioned as governor of Barataria; his letter to Don Quixote is read aloud.

Of the troublous end and termination Sancho Panza's government came to.

Sancho endures a harrowing mock battle, is trampled and bruised, then renounces his governorship, expressing a deep longing for his former simple life with Dapple.

LIV

Meets Ricote on the road, refuses to help him retrieve buried treasure, and expresses contentment with leaving his governorship.

Of what befell Sancho on the road, and other things that cannot be surpassed

Falls into a pit after leaving his governorship; laments his fate and is rescued by Don Quixote.

Of the prodigious and unparalleled battle that took place between Don Quixote of La Mancha and the Lackey Tosilos in defence of the daughter of Doña Rodriguez

Shouts encouragement to Don Quixote and later comments on the transformation of knights, referencing the Knight of the Mirrors and Dulcinea.

LVII Which treats of how Don Quixote took leave of the duke, and of what followed with the witty and impudent Altisidora, one of the duchess’s damsels.

Reflects on his lost governorship and his wife's acorns; admits to having the three kerchiefs but not the garters; rides out with Don Quixote.

Which tells how adventures came crowding on Don Quixote in such numbers that they gave one another no breathing-time.

Carries the duke's gold crowns; comments on the images; shields himself behind Rocinante during the bull charge; defends his master's sanity.

Chapter LIX

Defends his identity against the false history, argues with Don Quixote about the lashes, and advises eating and sleeping.

LX

Frightened by hanging bodies and nearly stripped of his belongings, he is spared by Roque's intervention.

Of what happened Don Quixote on entering Barcelona, together with other matters that partake of the true rather than of the ingenious

Accompanies Don Quixote, receives ten crowns from Roque Guinart, and is thrown from Dapple by the same prank.

LXII Which deals with the adventure of the enchanted head, together with other trivial matters which cannot be left untold.

Delights in the festivities, recounts his governorship, and comments on dancing.

Of the mishap that befell Sancho Panza through the visit to the galleys, and the strange adventure of the fair Morisco

Endures being tossed along the galley benches, left bruised and breathless; later recognizes Ricote and confirms Ana Félix's identity.

LXIV

Dejected and woebegone after his master's defeat, he fears all is lost and the promises of governorship are gone.

Wherein is made known who the Knight of the White Moon was; likewise Don Gregorio's release, and other events

Tries to comfort Don Quixote after his defeat, reminding him that he may rise again, and expresses his own lost hopes for a governorship or county.

Which treats of what he who reads will see, or what he who has it read to him will hear

Offers philosophical comfort to Don Quixote, resolves the peasants' wager with practical wisdom, and enjoys a meal with Tosilos.

Of the resolution Don Quixote formed to turn shepherd and take to a life in the fields while the year for which he had given his word was running its course; with other events truly delectable and happy.

Discusses the pastoral life with Don Quixote, proposes the name Teresona for his shepherdess, and expresses doubt about the whipping for Dulcinea's disenchantment.

Of the bristly adventure that befell Don Quixote

Refuses to whip himself, praises sleep, is trampled by pigs, and is captured alongside Don Quixote.

Chapter LXIX

Subjected to smacks, pinches, and pin pricks; protests but eventually complies; receives Altisidora's gift of six smocks.

LXX

Sore from his earlier punishments, he is skeptical of Altisidora's death and longs for sleep, showing his earthy wisdom and frustration with enchantments.

Of what passed between Don Quixote and his squire Sancho on the way to their village

Grieves over Altisidora's broken promise of smocks; bargains for payment per lash; cunningly whips trees instead of himself, groaning loudly to deceive Don Quixote; stops when Don Quixote intervenes.

Of how Don Quixote and Sancho reached their village

Completes his penance of lashes and rejoices at returning to his village.

Of the omens Don Quixote had as he entered his own village, and other incidents that embellish and give a colour to this great history

Dismisses Don Quixote's omens, catches a hare, and returns to his wife Teresa and daughter Sanchica with money.

LXXIV: Of how Don Quixote fell sick, and of the will he made, and how he died

Weeps at his master's bedside, begs him not to die, and is forgiven and left a bequest in the will.

Endnotes

Noted for his role as the gracioso and for his characteristic comments, including a blunder about Fierabras.