Social Class and the 'Three Classes'

Arnold categorizes English society into the Barbarians (aristocracy), Philistines (middle class), and Populace (working class), critiquing each for its deficiencies in 'sweetness and light' and its role in perpetuating social problems.

Arnold introduces his famous classification of English society into Barbarians (aristocracy), Philistines (middle class), and Populace (working class), each failing to embody true culture.

Arnold defines and analyzes the Barbarians, Philistines, and Populace, examining their virtues, excesses, and defects.

Arnold analyzes the Barbarians, Philistines, and Populace, showing how feudal landholding affects each class's welfare and ideals.