Illusion vs. Reality

The narrative repeatedly contrasts romantic ideals and poetic fictions with the harsh, often squalid realities of war, political betrayal, and personal suffering, as seen in the disillusionment of characters like Osmund Heleigh and Alianora.

The author contrasts the medieval view of life as a journey toward a tangible Heaven with modern psychoanalytic interpretations, suggesting a tension between perceived reality and comforting illusion.

The contrast between the idealized past (the Sestina, the boy and girl) and the harsh present of war, fear, and political manipulation.

Edward's initial ignorance of Ellinor's feelings and the disguise of Ellinor as a page highlight the gap between appearance and truth.

The entire trap hinges on deception: Blanch's feigned assignation, Philippe's murder plot, and Edward's counter-trap. Appearances are repeatedly shown to be false.