A Farewell to Arms · Chapter
Chapter XXVII explained
Frederic Henry wakes early and travels to the Bainsizza plateau, where he meets Gino and observes the front lines.
What happens
Frederic Henry wakes early and travels to the Bainsizza plateau, where he meets Gino and observes the front lines. He discusses tactics and the psychological impact of shelling. The retreat begins as news arrives of a German and Austrian breakthrough. Frederic helps evacuate wounded and hospital equipment, witnessing the chaos of the retreat. In Gorizia, he sees the soldiers' brothel being evacuated. The chapter ends with the retreat in full swing, rain and snow, and the threat of encirclement.
Free preview opens on this chapter — companions, themes, and character notes appear beside the text.
Narrative arc
Story tension across the book — this chapter sits in Rising action.
- Setup
- Escalation
- Breaking point
- Aftermath
- Closing
This excerpt marks the dramatic climax because it captures the emotional and psychological peak of Frederic’s…
Full beat labels and climax notes unlock in the reader.
Follow the arc while readingThemes in this chapter
- War and Disillusionment
The retreat reveals the futility and chaos of war, with soldiers scared and the front collapsing.
- Courage and Cowardice
Frederic and others continue their duties under bombardment, while fear of the Germans pervades.
- The Individual vs. The Crowd
Frederic navigates the mass retreat, making personal decisions amid the collective panic.
Characters to notice
- Frederic Henry
Narrator and protagonist; travels to the Bainsizza, participates in the retreat.
- Rinaldi
Mentioned as sleeping when Frederic leaves; later noted as gone with the hospital.
- Gino
Frederic meets Gino on the Bainsizza; they discuss the front and tactics.
- Piani
Driver who returns from Plava, exhausted.
- Bonello
Driver who comments on the brothel evacuation and the retreat.
- Aymo
Mentioned as a fine boy and patriot; leaves with Peduzzi for Gorizia.
Key passages
“I don't suppose they are so effective," Gino said. "But they scare me. They all sound as though they came directly for you.”
Gino admits the naval guns may not be very effective, but their sound is terrifying, making him feel personally targeted.
Illustrates the psychological terror of war.
“The word Germans was something to be frightened of. We did not want to have anything to do with the Germans.”
The mere mention of Germans instilled fear; no one wanted to face them.
Highlights the dread of facing a formidable enemy.
“The retreat was orderly, wet and sullen.”
The withdrawal was conducted in an organized manner, but the rain and gloomy mood made it oppressive.
Describes the atmosphere of the retreat.
