# Class and Social Mobility in There Is Confusion

> Theme guide for There Is Confusion by Jessie Redmon Fauset.

The novel examines class distinctions within the Black community and the broader society, showing how characters like Maggie and the Marshalls strive for upward mobility through education, business, and cultural achievement, while facing barriers of poverty and prejudice.

## Where it surfaces

- [III](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/iii): Isaiah Bye's rise from slave ancestry to opening a school exemplifies social mobility, while Meriwether's condescension reinforces class barriers.
- [V](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/v): Peter's inheritance of a railroad map and medical books symbolizes his father's aspirations for a better life, while Miss Susan's work as a housekeeper and her efforts to instill responsibility in Peter reflect the struggle for upward mobility.
- [VI](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/vi): The Marshalls' relative prosperity and social standing (their father is a successful caterer) contrast with Peter's unstable home life, reflecting class differences and the potential for social mobility through education and ambition.
- [VII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/vii): Miss Susan Graves' approval of the Marshalls' cultured home and her desire for Peter to rise above his circumstances reflect themes of class and social mobility.
- [VIII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/viii): Maggie's determination to escape poverty and her fascination with the Marshall family's prosperity highlight the theme of class and the desire for social mobility. The chapter contrasts the squalor of the Tenderloin with the dignity of the Marshall home.
- [IX](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/ix): Maggie's deliberate efforts to rise from poverty by adopting Sylvia's habits, working for the Marshalls, and seeking respectability highlight the theme of social mobility.
- [Chapter X](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/x): Joanna's disdain for Maggie's humble origins and her focus on 'background' and 'worthwhile people' highlight class distinctions within the African American community and the struggle for social mobility.
- [Chapter XI](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xi): Maggie's despair stems from Joanna's assertion that she is beneath the Marshalls' social standing, and her marriage to Neal represents a pragmatic choice for economic security rather than love.
- [XIV](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xiv): Maggie's marriage to Neal initially offers material comfort and a chance at respectability, but his gambling undermines her aspirations for social standing and acceptance among 'impeccable' women.
- [XIX](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xix): Maggie sees marriage to Peter as a means to rise socially, contrasting with Joanna's focus on personal achievement.
- [XXIII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xxiii): Maggie uses her engagement to Peter to gain entry into high society, facing both acceptance and snobbery from figures like Arabelle Morton and Mrs. Viny.
- [XXV](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xxv): Maggie's obsession with 'being somebody' and her sense of being an outsider despite financial comfort illustrate the barriers of class and background.
- [XXVI](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xxvi): Maggie's plan to marry Peter and the violent reaction from Henderson Neal highlight tensions around social advancement and jealousy.
- [XXVIII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xxviii): Joanna moves in circles of wealthy society women and bohemian artists, but feels like an outsider and realizes the barriers of color that limit her opportunities.
- [XXXI](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/chapters/xxxi): Maggie's journey from aspiring to climb socially to finding purpose in service reflects a shift in values.

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/themes/class_and_social_mobility
- Themes index: https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/there_is_confusion_se/themes