# How does The Humbugs of the World develop the theme of Hypocrisy and Moral Judgment?

> The Humbugs of the World by P. T. Barnum

## Answer

The Humbugs of the World by P. T. Barnum develops Hypocrisy and Moral Judgment across the chapters the companion marks for this theme.

The book condemns the cynical person who believes everything is a humbug as the greatest fool, arguing that such universal distrust is itself a form of moral corruption and that hypocrisy is the homage vice pays to virtue.

The publisher argues that Barnum has never befooled the public to its injury and that his only secret is honesty, countering the moral judgment implied by the 'humbug' label.

Tom Simmons's outrage over the new debt law is hypocritical, as he profited from the previous system that exploited the poor.

Criticizes the Davenports for pretending to deal in spiritual matters while engaging in fraud, and justifies Dr. Van Vleck's deceptive methods as a means to expose them.

## Evidence

- [publisher-s-note](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/publisher-s-note.md): The publisher argues that Barnum has never befooled the public to its injury and that his only secret is honesty, countering the moral judgment implied by the 'humbug' label.
- [vii](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/vii.md): Tom Simmons's outrage over the new debt law is hypocritical, as he profited from the previous system that exploited the poor.
- [ix](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/ix.md): Criticizes the Davenports for pretending to deal in spiritual matters while engaging in fraud, and justifies Dr. Van Vleck's deceptive methods as a means to expose them.
- [xv](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/xv.md): Spiritualists who claim to be honest are shown to be hypocrites when their fraud is exposed, and they are 'cheaply sold'.
- [xvii](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/xvii.md): The chapter criticizes educated individuals like Professor Bush and Reverend Spear who endorsed spiritualist nonsense, exposing their hypocrisy and failure to apply critical thinking.
- [xviii](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/xviii.md): The deacon who calls for prayers after ordering adulteration of goods exemplifies moral hypocrisy.
- [xx](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/xx.md): The chapter exposes the hypocrisy of the Funks who claimed to be honest businessmen while running a fraudulent operation, and the moral failure of the authorities who protected them.
- [xxvi](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/the_humbugs_of_the_world_se/chapters/xxvi.md): The aftermath reveals the hypocrisy of politicians and directors who profited while ruining others, leading to public outrage and punishment.

## Links

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