Character and Morality

Where it surfaces

• The Grant Dictations

  Twain's reflections on Grant's integrity and the ethical considerations of publishing a dying man's memoirs.

• The Chicago G.A.R. Festival

  Twain's observations of General Grant's demeanor and the private's emotional reaction highlight themes of character, humility, and heroism.

• Grant and the Chinese

  Grant's refusal to accept compensation for his efforts and his willingness to help China without personal gain exemplify his moral character.

• A Call with W. D. Howells on General Grant

  Grant's generous and reliable character is highlighted through his willingness to go beyond what was asked.

• About General Grant's "Memoirs"

  Twain contrasts Grant's gentle, forgiving nature with his own vengeful thoughts, highlighting moral integrity versus human frailty.

• Gerhardt and the Grant Bust

  Twain reflects on the nature of obligation and gratitude, noting that kindness can breed resentment, and describes his pragmatic approach to helping Gerhardt.

• The Machine Episode

  Twain's detailed moral assessment of Paige and H——, highlighting contradictions between genius and dishonesty.

• Jane Lampton Clemens

  Jane Clemens's moral courage, compassion for the oppressed, and her defense of Satan as a neglected sinner highlight her ethical depth.

• Macfarlane

  Macfarlane argues that man is uniquely depraved, possessing malice, envy, and selfishness, and that intellect is used to exploit others.

• Old Lecture Days in Boston

  Twain reflects on the mean and selfish human nature that takes satisfaction in a fellow craftsman's failure, as when he and other lecturers felt relief at De Cordova's disastrous debut.

• Ralph Keeler

  Keeler's modest, grateful, and innocent character is contrasted with the vanity of fame-seekers like Olive Logan.

• Comment on Tautology and Grammar

  Twain critiques the reviewer's self-righteousness and moral failings implied by pedantic grammar.

• Private History of a Ms. That Came to Grief

  Twain's moral outrage at Mr. X's plagiarism and distortion of facts, emphasizing integrity in writing.

• The Letter

  Twain's moral stance on honesty in writing and his critique of the editor's pretentiousness and lack of integrity.

• A Memory of John Hay

  Explored through Hay's courage in facing Greeley and his deference to his wife, illustrating the complexity of moral courage.

• Notes on “Innocents Abroad”

  Twain grapples with guilt over plagiarism and later finds moral clarity through Holmes's forgiving response, reflecting on the nature of originality.

• Stevenson, Aldrich, etc.

  Twain's praise of Aldrich's consistent brilliance and the discussion of surface versus submerged reputation reflect judgments of character and integrity.

• Henry H. Rogers

  Twain emphasizes Rogers's integrity, fairness, and patience, highlighting his moral character in business and personal dealings.

• Henry H. Rogers (Continued)

  Twain emphasizes that a literary man's reputation is his life and that he must pay his debts in full to preserve his character.

• New York, January 10, 1906

  Twain uses the Morris incident to analyze President Roosevelt's character, highlighting his impulsiveness and sincerity.

• New York, January 12, 1906

  Twain examines the speaking styles and personal qualities of club members, highlighting honesty, piety, and the contrast between substance and style.

• New York, January 16th, Continued

  Twain examines General Sickles's vanity, his preoccupation with 'last words,' and his courteous yet self-centered demeanor.

• About Dueling

  The chapter examines courage, honor, and the moral choices involved in dueling, as well as Twain's eventual disapproval of the practice.

• The Character of Man

  The chapter questions the very existence of moral integrity and independent character, arguing that humans are driven by selfishness and inherited instincts.

• New York, Wednesday, January 24, 1906

  Twain reflects on the moral courage required to vote according to one's principles despite social and professional consequences.

• New York, Thursday, February 1, 1906

  Twain examines Twichell's moral dilemma between political conscience and family duty, concluding that family loyalty was the higher morality.

• New York, Friday, February 2, 1906

  Twain highlights Susy's innate moral reasoning and fairness, exemplified by her childhood analysis of a quarrel.

• New York, Monday, February 5, 1906

  Susy's moral reasoning in choosing her own punishment and her compassion for animals.

• New York, Thursday, February 8, 1906

  Susy's frank biography reveals Twain's character flaws—his strong language, impatience with puzzles, and his humorous but honest self-assessment.

• New York, Monday, February 12, 1906

  Reflects on moral lessons from childhood pranks, honesty, and the consequences of actions.

• New York, Wednesday, February 14, 1906

  Twain reflects on the honesty of his references and the moral judgment of his character by others.

• New York, Thursday, February 15, 1906

  Twain contrasts his own lack of endurance with the unwavering spirit of Livy and Susy Crane, praising women's moral and physical fortitude.

• Tuesday, February 20, 1906

  Twain praises Burlingame's noble character, integrity, and statesmanship, emphasizing moral virtue.

• New York, Wednesday, February 21, 1906

  Twain emphasizes the moral and practical importance of fairness in contracts and the wisdom of acting decisively.

• Friday, February 23, 1906

  Twain reflects on the moral weight of reputation and the value of being perceived as having business talents, even if undeserved.

• Tuesday, March 6, 1906

  Cleveland's principled veto of a railway ordinance despite personal cost, and Twain's mugwump ethics of voting for the best man.

• Friday, March 9, 1906

  Reflections on the transformation of gentle John Meredith into a remorseless guerrilla chief, and the moral ambiguities of youthful choices.

• Monday, March 5, 1906

  Twain defines a gentleman through Patrick's example and contrasts worldly behavior with Twichell's genuine character.

• Tuesday, March 27, 1906

  Twain's scheme tests character, emphasizing humility, patience, and the moral value of proving oneself through work rather than relying on connections.

• Wednesday, March 28, 1906

  Orion Clemens is portrayed as a complex character with high principles but erratic behavior, highlighting themes of sincerity, honesty, and moral integrity.

• Monday, April 2, 1906

  Examines the contrast between Governor Nye's shrewdness and Orion's honesty, as well as the moral implications of practical jokes and political maneuvering.

• Orion Clemens Resumed

  Orion's rigid virtue and temperance spasms lead to self-sabotage, contrasting with Twain's pragmatic view of success.

• Orion Resumed

  Orion's honesty and integrity contrasted with his financial failures; Twain's struggle to write truthfully about his own shame.

• Monday, April 9, 1906

  Twain defends Huck's moral choices, such as deciding to 'go to hell' rather than betray Jim, and critiques the double standards of those who condemn Huck while accepting biblical stories.

• Tuesday, April 10, 1906

  Fiske's refusal to marry for money and his principled stance against accepting the full fortune illustrate moral integrity, while the university's legal maneuvering shows moral compromise.