Class and Social Hierarchy

Wealth, land ownership, and social standing drive conflict, as seen in the feud between the Strömshagen and Evjen farms, the power of the rich Bardun, and the marginalization of Finns and poor fishermen.

The economic disparity between the impoverished Strömshagen and the prosperous Evjen, and Oesten Störsat's use of wealth to humiliate Gjermund, highlight class tensions.

Toad's rise from servant to de facto household manager challenges traditional class roles, but her abuse of power leads to conflict.