Of Human Bondage · Question
How does Of Human Bondage develop the theme of Class and Social Mobility?
Answer
Of Human Bondage by W. Somerset Maugham develops Class and Social Mobility across the chapters the companion marks for this theme.
Philip's experiences across different social strata—from the vicarage to bohemian Paris to working-class London—highlight the constraints and absurdities of class distinctions and the struggle for financial independence.
The social hierarchy is evident in the Careys' interactions with tradesmen, the churchwarden, and the wealthy Mr. Wilson, who married his cook.
The appointment of Perkins, son of a linendraper, as headmaster challenges the school's rigid class distinctions; the masters' disdain highlights the tension between inherited status and merit.
Mr. Perkins' plan to attract boys from London reflects tensions between traditional provincial values and the desire for social and educational advancement.
Evidence in the book
- VI
The social hierarchy is evident in the Careys' interactions with tradesmen, the churchwarden, and the wealthy Mr. Wilson, who married his cook.
- XV
The appointment of Perkins, son of a linendraper, as headmaster challenges the school's rigid class distinctions; the masters' disdain highlights the tension between inherited status and merit.
- Chapter XVI
Mr. Perkins' plan to attract boys from London reflects tensions between traditional provincial values and the desire for social and educational advancement.
- XXV
The contrast between Philip's comfortable life and Monsieur Ducroz's destitution highlights class disparities.
- XXVII
Philip's attempt to define a 'gentleman' reveals the class assumptions of English society, and Weeks' American perspective challenges them.
- XXXIII
Philip's decision to become a chartered accountant reflects the shifting professional landscape and his need to secure a respectable place in society.
- XXXVI
Philip's discomfort with his shabby clothes and Watson's condescension highlight class distinctions and Philip's uncertain social position.
- XXXVIII
The tension between Philip as an articled clerk and lower clerks like Thompson highlights class divisions and the struggle for advancement.
