# The Underground Man — Notes from Underground character guide > The Underground Man in Notes from Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky. **Role:** major **Also known as:** Unknown, I, me, myself **First appearance:** 0000-part-i-underground ## Snapshot A retired civil servant who has crawled into a self-made underground, narrating his own spite with a candor that indicts the reader as much as himself. ## Who they are He opens his notes by addressing an imagined audience of "gentlemen" he both despises and craves, insisting he is sick, spiteful, and unattractive, yet refusing to be cured. His defining tension is that he is hyper-conscious of every base motive he acts on, and takes a perverse voluptuous pleasure in his own degradation rather than renouncing it. This voice — confessional, combative, philosophically unmoored — sets the terms for everything that follows, daring the reader to keep listening. ## In the story ### [Part I: Underground](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/part-i-underground) The narrator introduces himself and his condition, detailing his spite, hyperconsciousness, and embrace of the underground. ### [I](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/i) Introduces himself as sick, spiteful, and unattractive; reflects on his past as a spiteful official and his current state of conscious inertia. ### [II](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/ii) The narrator reflects on his hyperconsciousness, his enjoyment of degradation, and his inability to act or change. ### [III](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/iii) The narrator reflects on his own hyperconsciousness, envy of direct men, and the perverse enjoyment of spite and inertia. ### [IV](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/iv) The narrator expounds on the enjoyment of toothache, using it as an example of the perverse pleasures of spite and self-consciousness. ### [V](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/v) Reflects on his own self-deception, invented adventures, and the inertia caused by hyperconsciousness. ### [VI](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/vi) Reflects on the hypothetical respect he would have for himself if he were simply lazy, and imagines a life dedicated to celebrating 'the good and beautiful' through drinking. ### [VII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/vii) Delivers a passionate monologue attacking rationalist theories of human behavior, asserting the primacy of capricious free will over calculated advantage. ### [Chapter VIII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/viii) Delivers a lengthy philosophical monologue defending the primacy of will and caprice over reason, using vivid metaphors like the piano-key and the organ-stop. ### [Chapter IX](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/ix) Delivers a monologue defending caprice, suffering, and the process of attaining over the end, while mocking mathematical certainty. ### [The Crystal Palace Rejection](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/x) Delivers a passionate monologue rejecting the Crystal Palace and defending his irrational desires. ### [XI](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/xi) The narrator reflects on his motives for writing, his self-deception, and his preference for conscious inertia, while preparing to recount a past memory. ### [Part II: À Propos of the Wet Snow](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/part-ii-propos-of-the-wet-snow) The narrator reflects on his youth, his spiteful nature, and his interactions with former acquaintances and Liza. ### [I](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/i) Describes his youth, his solitary reading, his indulgence in petty vice, and his obsessive plan to collide with an officer. ### [II](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/ii) Describes his cycle of dissipation, remorse, and retreat into heroic dreams; reveals his binary self-conception and his need for occasional human contact. ### [III](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/iii) Reflects on his school years, his hatred of classmates, and his obsessive preparation for the dinner with Zverkov. ### [IV](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/iv) Arrives early, feels humiliated by the time change, drinks heavily, makes a provocative speech, challenges Ferfitchkin to a duel, and paces the room for three hours in a display of spite and self-degradation. ### [V](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/v) Rides to the brothel in a state of agitated revenge fantasy, then encounters Liza. ### [Chapter VI](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/vi) Wakes from a half-conscious state, feels misery and spite, and initiates a manipulative conversation with Liza. ### [VII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/vii) Delivers a manipulative, bookish speech to Liza, then panics at her despair and flees. ### [VIII](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/viii) Tormented by the memory of Liza's face, he paces the streets and obsesses over her possible visit, alternating between self-loathing and grandiose rescue fantasies. ### [Chapter IX](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/ix) Confesses his spite, shame, and need for domination; experiences hysterics and a revulsion of feeling. ### [The Final Confrontation with Liza and the Underground Man's Last Reflection](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/x) The narrator reflects on his spiteful treatment of Liza, his inability to love, and his preference for the underground over real life. ### [Endnotes](https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/chapters/endnotes) The fictional author of the diary, presented as a representative of a generation still living. ## Links - HTML: https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/characters/narrator - Book: https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se - All characters: https://www.betterreads.dev/discover/notes_from_underground_se/characters