Martha Tilling

Frederick Tilling

Frederick and Martha are husband and wife, sharing a deep marital bond.

Aunt Mary

Aunt Mary is Martha's aunt, providing familial care and advice.

Father Radetzky

Father Radetzky is a trusted spiritual counselor and friend to Martha.

Conrad Althaus

Conrad and Martha are close friends, often sharing confidences and support.

Countess Lori Griesbach

Countess Lori and Martha are rivals for Frederick's affection, creating tension.

Aunt Mary

Aunt Mary is Martha's aunt, providing familial care and advice.

Frederick Tilling

Frederick and Martha are husband and wife, sharing a deep marital bond.

Father Radetzky

Father Radetzky is a trusted spiritual counselor and friend to Martha.

Countess Lori Griesbach

Countess Lori and Martha are rivals for Frederick's affection, creating tension.

Frederick Tilling

Frederick and Martha are husband and wife, sharing a deep marital bond.

Conrad Althaus

Conrad and Martha are close friends, often sharing confidences and support.

Countess Lori Griesbach

Countess Lori and Martha are rivals for Frederick's affection, creating tension.

Lay Down Your Arms

Narrator and protagonist, reflecting on her life and the horrors of war.

I

Narrator and protagonist; reflects on her youthful war enthusiasm and conflicted feelings at the outbreak of war.

II

Narrator and protagonist; struggles with fear and patriotic duty as her husband Arno leaves for war.

First Years of Widowhood—Solitude, Study, Enlarged Views—I Return Into Society—Renewed Enjoyment of Life—Thoughts of Second Marriage—I Chaperon My Younger Sisters—I Am Introduced to Baron Tilling—He Brings Me an Account of the Manner of Arno's Death

Narrator and protagonist; reflects on her grief, intellectual awakening, and return to society.

IV

Narrator; realizes she is in love with Frederick Tilling after a painful moment of jealousy.

V

Narrator and protagonist; reflects on her love for Frederick and her father's disapproval.

Chapter VI

Narrator and protagonist, deeply anxious about the war and critical of nationalist justifications, yet struggling with her own conflicting emotions.

Chapter VII

Narrates the chapter, reflecting on her husbands' departures to war and her fears.

VIII

Narrator; overjoyed at Frederick's return; persuades him to quit the army; loses her fortune later.

Chapter IX

Narrator and protagonist; reflects on her arguments with her father about war and peace, and observes the New Year's celebration.

Chapter X

Narrator and letter writer; expresses deep disgust with war and traumatic visions of her husband's death.

Chapter XI

The recipient of Frederick's letter; he addresses her directly and dreams of her.

XII

Travels to Königgrätz to nurse Frederick, but is overcome by the horrors and faints; returns to Vienna with Dr. Bresser.

Chapter XIII

Narrates the chapter, reflects on war's horrors, argues against prudery and for facing reality.

XIV

Narrator and central figure; reflects on love and compassion amid the cholera epidemic and deaths.

Chapter XV

Narrator and protagonist; reflects on war's horrors and her own grief.

Chapter XVI

Narrator and compiler of The Protocol of Peace; reflects on her experiences in Parisian society and her hopes for peace.

Chapter XVII

Narrator and observer of the pre-war atmosphere in Paris; records her anxiety and reflections on war.

Chapter XVIII

Narrator; reflects on war's absurdity, records siege events, and suffers Frederick's execution.

XIX

Narrator; describes her mental illness, grief, and peace activism.